[arch-general] Keyboard shortcuts which change based on current app

Before I try to hack together a solution, are there any existing apps/frameworks which allow for the same key/button to do something different based on the currently focused app (in X)? My intended use-case is to use the additional buttons on my drawing tablet to do various functions, but depending on the current app. So in Gimp they would do one thing, in Libreoffice another, in Inkscape another.